They carefully follow a champ’s menu, measuring their oatmeal and weighing their skinless chicken breasts, but still struggle to gain even a pound. The problem for the thinnest hardgainers is that they’re eating like a bodybuilder, but weighing in like a model.
If this sounds familiar, you may need some good old-fashioned bulk (i.e., muscle and fat). If you struggle to gain any size at all, you should strive to look like the burly “before” photo in supplement ads before chiseling down to the “after” shot. Achieving this is not easy, nor is it quite as tasty as nightly dinners at Krispy Kreme.
You must accumulate just enough fat to keep your metabolism stoked and your strength levels rising. Gains of soft tissue should only fuel greater gains of hard tissue and never become an end in itself.
Still, extreme ectomorphs can’t eat lean and clean and maximize mass. If you struggle to pack on any pounds and you currently have little visible muscle or fat, you need to eat big to get big.
Adhere to the following eight bulk-up rules, and we’ll even through in a free meal plan! Remember, this is the fun part!
If you’re a thin hardgainer and not growing on your current diet, increase your daily caloric total. We recommend a boost of 20-30%.
Do this gradually over seven to 10 days to allow your body time to  more effectively convert some of the extra fuel to muscle instead of merely storing all of it as bodyfat. Eat six or seven times per day. If possible, add another meal to your  current schedule.
Emphasize protein, complex carbohydrates (such as oatmeal, yams and brown rice) and unsaturated fat. Hardgainers trying to boost bodyweight should consume at least 1.5 grams (g) of protein per pound of bodyweight daily (a 150-pound person, for  example, should take in a minimum 225g of protein).
Ingest at least 3g of carbohydrates per pound of bodyweight daily.
For hardgainers, particularly, it is generally easier to drink protein and calories than to eat them. Utilize powdered shakes that contain a minimum of 30g of whey or casein protein. Weight-gain powders are an especially effective means for ectomorphs to quickly boost protein and calories.
Milk is also an excellent mass producer. Once a staple of bodybuilding nutrition plans, it has fallen out of favor in recent decades largely because of its lactose (sugar) content.
Still, many champs including the original Mr. Olympia Larry Scott have made it a regular part of their weight-gaining plans.
A single cup of 2% milk has 120 calories, 8g of protein and nearly 5g of fat; nonfat milk has 90 calories, 9g of protein and less than 1g of fat.
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grandriver / Getty
RULE #3: BEEF IT
To gain weight, don’t focus only on the lean and clean bodybuilding basics of fowl, fish and egg whites. Many people find that the high protein levels and the higher fat content in beef naturally boosts muscle gains.
Eat steak, lean ground beef or a beef alternative, such as buffalo, as frequently as your budget allows.
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Paul Piebinga / Getty
RULE #4: NIGHT LIFE
If you’re a dieter, you should not eat high-calorie or high-carb products late in the evening, because your metabolism slows down while you sleep and calories will be more easily converted to fat. As a weight-gain dieter, though, do eat protein-rich meals in the evening.
Consume your final protein snack approximately one hour before you go to bed. Do not eat high-fat, high-sugar or highly processed foods at this time, as those may indeed add more fat than muscle.
Instead, maximize the amount of nutrients used for muscle repair by making your final meal an easily digestible protein drink.
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nd3000 / Shutterstock
RULE #5: CUT CARDIO
Cardio and calorie restriction go together on a weight-loss diet. To gain weight, you’ll want to flip this rule and do the opposite.
Ectomorphs should restrict the amount of cardio work and stressful activities they perform, because these burn the very calories you want to store.
Focus on maximizing your rest time to fully recuperate and grow from weight training.
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Dean Drobot
RULE #6: LIMIT JUNK IN THE TRUNK
Muscle growth must remain your number-one goal. Fat formation is merely a byproduct when on a bulkup plan.
For this reason, don’t gorge yourself on high-calorie low-protein foods that can only be converted to flab.
You are allowed to cheat more than others while on a bulk-up plan, but junk remains junk.
Minimize the amount of high-fat and high-sugar foods you consume.
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Oats.chumnak / Shutterstock
RULE #7: LET YOUR ABS GUIDE YOUR LIMIT
Use a scale and a mirror as your guide. A gain of two to three pounds per month is reasonable.
Always remain vigilant against dramatic fat increases, and never stray more than two to three inches from your leanest waist measurement.
For many bodybuilders, abdominals are a good yardstick: If they completely disappear, it’s time to slam on the brakes.
Decide for yourself how much fat you’re comfortable accumulating, but never become too  comfortable with fat.
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Per Bernal / M+F Magazine
FINAL RULE: GROW, MAN, GROW
Don’t lose sight of the big picture. Bulk is the clay you’re packing on now to chisel down to a work of muscular art later. It’s OK for an ectomorph to strive to look like a burly “before” photo now.
Bulking up is generally a good strategy for those whose metabolisms rev so fast that they struggle to gain any weight. Still, while pressing the weight-gain accelerator, you must remain alert to hit the brakes before you become more fat than fit.Â
Once you’ve bulked up enough and no more fat is desirable, reduce your caloric levels gradually over a week as you return to a more typical bodybuilding nutritional plan.
Then you can begin plotting your course toward the “after” results.
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k86 / Shutterstock
SAMPLE BULK-UP MENU
BREAKFAST
4 eggs
6 ounces (oz) lean ham
100 grams (g) oatmeal
1 pint milk
Vitamins and minerals
MID-MORNING SNACKÂ
Fruit
1 protein bar
1 pint milk or weight-gain drink
LUNCHÂ
Turkey or chicken sandwich
1 potato
6 oz mixed vegetables
1 cup yogurt
MID-AFTERNOON SNACK
100g oatmeal
Fruit
1 protein bar
Creatine
PRE-WORKOUT
Whey protein powder drink with 40-50g protein and 40-100g carbs
POST-WORKOUTÂ
Whey protein powder drink with 20-40g protein and 40-80g carbs
